HR 105

H.R. No. 105
  R E S O L U T I O N
         WHEREAS, April 21, 2026, marks the 190th anniversary of the
  Battle of San Jacinto, the culminating engagement of the Texas
  Revolution; and
         WHEREAS, After a decade of sporadic clashes between Texas
  colonists and Mexican officials, the movement toward rebellion
  picked up increasing momentum in the fall of 1835; Antonio Lopez de
  Santa Anna, the president of Mexico, having abrogated the
  federalist Constitution of 1824 and assumed autocratic power,
  decided to reestablish troops at posts in Texas that had been
  evacuated in 1832; as part of that plan, General Martin Perfecto de
  Cos arrived in San Antonio with a battalion of infantry on
  October 9, 1835; an army of Texas volunteers quickly moved to lay
  siege to San Antonio, in what became the first major campaign of the
  revolution; General Cos finally capitulated on December 9, 1835,
  and he and his troops were allowed to withdraw to Mexico; and
         WHEREAS, Determined to suppress the rebellion, General Santa
  Anna led an army of some 6,000 men into Texas in early 1836,
  crossing the Rio Grande near present-day Eagle Pass; at the same
  time, a second Mexican force, under General Jose de Urrea, advanced
  into Texas farther to the east; while General Santa Anna besieged
  some 180 Texas troops at the Alamo, a convention of Texas delegates
  convened at Washington-on-the-Brazos on March 1, 1836, and on
  March 2 adopted a declaration of independence; two days later, the
  convention appointed Sam Houston, one of the delegates, to take
  command of the Texas army; and
         WHEREAS, General Houston left immediately to join Texas
  troops gathered in Gonzales; when he reached that town, he learned
  that the Alamo had fallen and that a division of General Santa
  Anna's army was marching in his direction; given that the effective
  strength of his own force numbered only 374, as well as the fact
  that his men were poorly provisioned and largely untrained, he
  began a withdrawal toward the northeast, playing for time; and
         WHEREAS, Elsewhere, the Texans were meeting with successive
  defeats; the most shocking of those was the loss of James W. Fannin
  and some 400 men, who were captured and then executed on March 27 in
  what became known as the Goliad Massacre; and
         WHEREAS, In April, General Houston halted his retreat at the
  Brazos River and spent two weeks drilling his troops; a short time
  later, on April 20, calculating that the time for battle had come at
  last, he staked out a position near the confluence of Buffalo Bayou
  and the San Jacinto River; later that same day, General Santa Anna
  and his army caught up to the Texans and established their own
  position; the following morning, General Cos arrived with an
  additional body of soldiers, bringing the total strength of the
  Mexican army to perhaps 1,200 or more, as opposed to the
  approximately 900 men under General Houston's command; and
         WHEREAS, Confident that he had the Texans on the defensive,
  General Santa Anna planned to launch an attack on April 22; on the
  afternoon of the 21st, however, while the Mexican army was resting,
  General Houston drew up his troops in battle formation; General
  Santa Anna had apparently posted no sentries, and a swell of land
  between the two armies hid the Texans from view; and
         WHEREAS, At the given signal, the Texans advanced across a
  mile of open prairie toward the Mexican army, becoming visible only
  when they reached within about 200 yards of the Mexican camp; crying
  "Remember the Alamo" and "Remember Goliad," they took General Santa
  Anna's troops completely by surprise; the battle lasted 18 minutes,
  according to Sam Houston's report, but the killing continued for
  about an hour afterward; in the end, Texan losses stood at nine dead
  and mortally wounded, with 630 Mexican soldiers killed and 730
  taken prisoner; General Santa Anna himself was captured the
  following day; and
         WHEREAS, With the Battle of San Jacinto, the long colonial
  period of Texas history, stretching as far back as the 16th century,
  came to an end; Texas would remain an independent republic for nine
  years before joining the Union in 1845; and
         WHEREAS, The Battle of San Jacinto dramatically changed the
  course of Texas history, and the story of how an outnumbered army of
  volunteers ultimately prevailed against General Santa Anna and his
  troops continues to inspire a special sense of pride among Texans to
  this day; now, therefore, be it
         RESOLVED, That the House of Representatives of the 89th Texas
  Legislature hereby commemorate the 190th anniversary of the Battle
  of San Jacinto and pay tribute to all those whose courage and
  tenacity brought ultimate victory to the Texan cause.
  Cain
  ______________________________
  Speaker of the House     
         I certify that H.R. No. 105 was adopted by the House on May
  23, 2025, by a non-record vote.
  ______________________________
  Chief Clerk of the House